Which type of sterilization uses ethylene oxide?

Ethylene oxide is a chemical agent used specifically in gas sterilization. This method is effective for sterilizing heat-sensitive medical equipment and devices that cannot withstand high temperatures or moisture. Ethylene oxide works by penetrating plastic and other materials to kill bacteria, viruses, and fungi, making it a valuable option for items that would be compromised during other sterilization processes.

In contrast, moist heat sterilization utilizes steam under pressure to achieve sterilization, which is unsuitable for materials sensitive to moisture or heat. Radiation sterilization employs ionizing radiation to destroy microorganisms, but it is not related to the use of ethylene oxide. Dry heat sterilization requires higher temperatures over an extended period but does not involve gaseous agents like ethylene oxide. Hence, gas sterilization, which includes the use of ethylene oxide, is the correct choice in this context.